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#Ford diagnostic engineering tool code

#Ford diagnostic engineering tool code

So overall in decent EMS software, 40% of the code is diagnostic related. Although these diagnostics are not part of the legally required OBD, they fall under the OBD functions and related algorithms. In addition, drive-by-wire systems as electronic throttle control require enhanced diagnostic functionality for safety reasons to avoid i.e. A modern direct injection EMS tends to have 50% more sensors and actuators.Īll these components have to be diagnosed electrically, some of them also against rationality failures. A current Engine Management System (EMS) for a 4 cylinder gasoline engine includes more than 25 sensors and about 30 to 35 actuators. The progress in electronics makes it possible to diagnose all or most of the sensors and actuators connected to an engine control unit. In this case, the sensor failure gets to an emission impact because the misfire diagnostic is used to detect missing combustion events (which lead to high HC emissions). So if the sensor fails, the rough road detection cannot occur, which might inhibits the misfire diagnostic. And this algorithm is used by the misfire diagnostics. But this sensor is also used by the ECU to trigger a so called “rough-road detection” algorithm. The sensor is used by ECU to optimize several driveability functions which have normally no emission impact. However, failures of components which lead to a degradation of the OBD diagnostic system have also to be detected.Īs an example, the malfunction of the vehicle speed sensor has no or minor impact on emissions. The law requires only diagnostics on components which lead to an increase of exhaust emissions. The following picture gives an overview of a complete engine management system with all related components connected to a central ECU. On the system side, several subsystems have to be monitored such as a malfunction of a complete subsystem which leads to a certain emission increase.

Actuators: Fuel injectors, ignition coils, throttle blades, cam phasers, EGR valve, etc.

Sensors: O2 sensor, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc.

The OBD laws require that all components and subsystems which have an emission impact and which are connected to an Engine Control Unit (ECU) need to be monitored and diagnosed. These systems and the related components have to be monitored by a so called On Board Diagnostic system. To fulfill these legal requirements, complex exhaust emission control and cleaning systems are installed by OEMs. The amount of these emissions is regulated by law in many countries (see emissions regulation map). These types of engines produce toxic exhaust emissions like HC, CO, NOx and soot. “On Board Diagnostic” is a comprehensive electronic system, which detects exhaust emission related failures in passenger vehicles, light duty trucks and since some years also in heavy duty vehicles, which run on combustion engines.